Altruism and strategic giving in children and adolescents
نویسندگان
چکیده
We conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate the evolution of altruism and strategic giving from childhood to adulthood. 334 school-age children and adolescents (from K to 12th grade) and 48 college students participated in a one-shot dictator game and a repeated alternating version of the same dictator game. Each dictator game featured the choice between a fair split (4, 4) and a selfish split (6, 1) between oneself and an anonymous partner. We find that altruism (fair split in the one-shot game) increases with age in children and drops after adolescence, and cannot alone account for the development of cooperation in the repeated game. Older subjects reciprocate more and also better anticipate the potential gains of initiating a cooperative play. Overall, children younger than 7 years of age are neither altruistic nor strategic while college students strategically cooperate despite a relatively low level of altruism. Participants in the intermediate age range gradually learn to anticipate the long term benefits of cooperation and to adapt their behavior to that of their partner. A turning point after which cooperation can be sustained occurs at about 11-12 years of age.
منابع مشابه
A Paradigmatic Model of Prevention of Oral Diseases and Education of Oral Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents in Iran: A Grounded Theory Methodology
Introduction: Oral health is a part of the general physical health. It is important to have healthy gums and teeth. Healthy teeth and gums are important for maintaining beauty and confidence, talking, chewing, and swallowing. The main strategy for preserving oral health is the implementation of health promotion interventions and various health education strategies, in accordance with the new le...
متن کاملTeaching moral intelligence and its effect on altruism and aggression in children under 7 years
Introduction: Moral intelligence is one of the influential factors in raising a child that can affect his personal and social development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of moral intelligence training on altruistic behavior and aggression in children under 7 years old. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study in which the pre-test-post-test design with a...
متن کاملShelley I . White - Means Gong - Soog Hong Giving Incentives and the Well - Being of Children Who Care for Disabled Parents No . 96 - 040
What motivates adult children in the United States to care for their disabled parents? This paper examines whether altruism and bequest motives influence adult childrens decisions about giving time to care for a disabled parent, giving financial resources, and giving future financial resources. Further, the paper examines the ways these different forms of giving affect caregivers overall well...
متن کاملSubgame perfect manipulation of children by overlapping generations of agents with two-sided altruism and endogenous fertility1
In this paper we consider an overlapping generations model with endogenous fertility and two-sided altruism and show the limitations of applying commonly used open loop Nash equilibrium in characterizing equilibrium transfers from parents to children in the form of bequest, and transfers from children to parents as voluntary old-age support. Since in our model children are concerned with parent...
متن کاملEFFECTIVENESS OF INSTRUCT COGNITIVE ERRORS IN THE WAY OF PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, IN COGNITIVE ERRORS, WELL-BEING AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE I DIABETES
Background: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease that children and adolescents do not have the ability to care for themselves, despite having enough information about their self-care (nutrition, insulin, exercise, etc.). Self-care, such as any behavior, can be influenced by the way of thinking, and the philosophy teaching method can be a suitable educational tool for changing thinking. The purp...
متن کامل